Description: 199-tir32Bronze medal from the Paris Mint (cornucopia hallmark from 1881).Struck in 1972.Beautiful copy with chocolate patina, minimal wear.Reverse illustration for the influence of the French language.Engraver / Artist : Jacques Devigne.Dimensions : 68 mm .Weight : 137 g.Metal : bronze .Mark on the edge : cornucopia + bronze + 1972.Fast and careful shipping.The stand is not for sale.The support is not for saleOnésime Reclus, born in Orthez on September 22, 18371 and died on June 30, 1916, is a French geographer, contributor to the Tour du monde. He is particularly known for being the inventor of the word “Francophonie”. Family and educationBorn into a Protestant family in Périgord, to a pastor father, Jacques Reclus, and Zéline Trigant, who had recently settled in Béarn, he studied, like his brothers, at the Protestant college of Sainte-Foy-la-Grande then, briefly, in Korntal-Münchingen, in Germany, with the Moravian Brothers. Back in France, he joined the University of Poitiers, studying law and literature.In 1872, he married Marie-Louise Schmahl (1850-1915), with whom he had eight children2.Onésime Reclus is the brother, among others, of the geographer and anarchist Élisée Reclus and the journalist Élie Reclus. He is the father of the historian Maurice Reclus.The Reclus Brothers, by Nadar, 1889Military then geographerOnésime Reclus in 1911Then giving up his academic career, he enlisted at the age of twenty in the 1st Zouaves3 in Algeria during his military service4. However, his health forced him to give up the military profession, and he joined Hachette in 1860. For ten years, he led a laborious existence, interspersed with trips across France for the Joanne Guides, and published under the pseudonym of Louis Couturier a Dictionary of the communes of Switzerland. In 1869, he published a Geography, which enjoyed public success, thanks to its style, its new format of presentation, and its scientific and descriptive qualities5.During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, he served in the Béarnais franc-tireurs corps, alongside his brother Paul, a medical officer. Involved in the Paris Commune (1871), he went into exile after its defeat6.This geographer was the first to use the word “francophone” in his work France, Algeria and Colonies published in 1886 by Hachette. A representative of colonial literature, he believed in the excellence of France and its language7 and defined French speakers as "all those who are or seem to be destined to remain or become participants in our language8", in a context of colonial competition with Germany. The choice of the linguistic criterion, in preference to ethnic and economic criteria, to classify populations, therefore represents an innovation9.Champion of French colonial expansionGreat Bong Geography illustrated..., Onésime Reclus, “Le Journal”, Paris, January 21, 1911Onésime Reclus develops his thoughts on colonial matters in works with evocative titles: The Sharing of the World, A Great Destiny Begins, France, Algeria and Colonies and Let's Let Go of Asia, Let's Take Africa10. Still in this perspective, he composed an Atlas of Greater France during the last years of his life. “It is a hymn to the colonial conquest that the geographer composed, conceiving a true doctrine of French imperialism. But his conception of colonialism is not based on mercantilist or racial considerations; his argument is geographical, linguistic, demographic. The theory that Onésime Reclus constructs is based on the idea of influence from the environment; language appears to be the basis of empires, the united bond of civilizations.10”Protection of natural monuments and sitesOnésime Reclus traveled throughout all French regions on behalf of the Touring Club de France. Thanks to his sensitivity and his talents as a descriptive geographer, he described the most remarkable or emblematic landscapes of France. These works, entitled A la France, sites et monuments, were published from 190011. These stories contributed greatly to the promulgation of the first law relating to the protection of natural monuments and sites, on April 21, 1906. This law was reinforced by the law of May 2, 1930. It is now integrated into the environmental code12. Its first article concerning classified and registered sites establishes “in each department, a list of natural monuments and sites whose conservation or preservation presents, from an artistic, historical, scientific, legendary or picturesque point of view, a general interest” .TributesPlaque on rue des Frères-Reclus in Sainte-Foy-la-Grande. Impasse and rue Onésime-Reclus in Port-Sainte-Foy-et-Ponchapt (Dordogne), Onésime-Reclus Passage in La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée). Rue des Frères-Reclus at: Capdenac-Gare (Aveyron), Choisy-le-Roi (Val-de-Marne), Le Fleix (Dordogne), Orthez (Pyrénées-Atlantiques), Sainte-Foy-la-Grande (Gironde).WorksOn other Wikimedia projects: Onésime Reclus, on Wikisource Page from The Living Geography of Onésime Reclus. Preparatory course and CM1 (first publication in 1926) Geography of France and its colonies (1873)13 Geography: The Earth as the crow flies (2 volumes, 1877) France, Algeria and colonies (Paris: Hachette, 1886) France and its colonies (1889), link to entire work [archive] The Most Beautiful Kingdom Under Heaven (1899) To France: sites and monuments (32 volumes, 1900-1906)14 Africa Geography of France and its colonies (1873)13 Geography: The Earth as the crow flies (2 volumes, 1877) France, Algeria and colonies (Paris: Hachette, 1886) France and its colonies (1889), link to entire work [archive] The Most Beautiful Kingdom Under Heaven (1899) To France: sites and monuments (32 volumes, 1900-1906)14 Southern Africa (1901) Let's leave Asia, let's take Africa: Where to be reborn? and how to last? (1904)15 The Sharing of the World (1906)16 Living Geography learned through images, observation, maps (1907-1908) France as the crow flies (1908)17,18 Algeria and Tunisia (1909) Quick Geography: Europe (1909) Quick geography: France (1910) Picturesque Atlas of FraOnésime Reclus traveled throughout all French regions on behalf of the Touring Club de France. Thanks to his sensitivity and his talents as a descriptive geographer, he described the most remarkable or emblematic landscapes of France. These works, entitled A la France, sites et monuments, were published from 190011. These stories contributed greatly to the promulgation of the first law relating to the protection of natural monuments and sites, on April 21, 1906. This law was reinforced by the law of May 2, 1930. It is now integrated into the environmental code12. Its first article concerning classified and registered sites establishes “in each department, a list of natural monuments and sites whose conservation or preservation presents, from an artistic, historical, scientific, legendary o
Price: 162 USD
Location: Strasbourg
End Time: 2025-02-09T00:22:12.000Z
Shipping Cost: 10.89 USD
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Type: Medals french
Composition: Bronze
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